Anti-Trade Union Laws Must Be Resisted

Kaynan Hudson on 21 February 2023

As strikes take place across the U.K., the Conservative Party is planning to introduce a wave of anti-union and anti-strike legislation. Continuing in Thatcher’s footsteps, the party remains committed to its ideological conflict with organised labour.

Rather than negotiating with trade unions, the Conservative strategy is to eschew negotiations in the hopes that prolonged industrial action will turn public sympathy against the strikes, and thus make it politically easier for anti-strike legislation to be brought forward in Parliament.

The government should be tackling the underlying causes of the strikes. Although the disputes are about a range of issues (job security, working conditions, etc.), pay disputes are common throughout. The government claims that public sector pay rises are not possible in the current economic climate. Yet, apparently, rising bankers’ bonuses and an increase in the wealth of the already wealthy are fine.

It must be recognised that it is not the working class that have caused the current economic problems. It is not the fault of cleaners, waking up in the early hours of a winter morning to clean a train station. It is not the fault of nurses, who worked tirelessly throughout the pandemic. It is not the fault of our postal workers, our teachers, our firefighters; it is not the fault of any part of the working class. The blame is squarely upon the government.Instead of touring morning television studios, ministers should be negotiating with trade unions, agreeing on pay settlements, guaranteeing job security and protecting workers’ terms and conditions. They should be using wealth taxes to fund investment into our public services and boosting recruitment numbers. Instead, they are devising plans to further weaken the organisational capacity of the working class by restricting union activity and the ability of working people to strike.

The right to strike must be defended. Contrary to Conservative arguments, industrial action is always a last resort. The Royal College of Nursing, for example, has not gone on strike in 106 years in England. Workers who strike also lose pay for every day that they withdraw their labour. Amidst a cost of living crisis, this is not an easy decision.

However, when the government is refusing to negotiate, or when employers continue to be obstructive, working people are left with no other choice but to withdraw their labour. Although disruptive, strikes are the final option taken by unions when all other options have failed. If people want the strikes to end, then they should direct their anger not at those on strike, but at the government and employers who have created the conditions leading to the strike.

The government is aiming to divide the working classes, so that anger is not directed at the government, but at other working people who take industrial action. Ultimately, this is self-destructive. It is the trade union movement that has won working people most of their rights. Governments do not simply grant rights out of goodwill; they must be fought for.

History illustrates this. A specific example is the right to equal pay, which was won by Ford workers in the 1960s who went on strike over gender discrimination. Other examples include the two-day weekend, paid maternity leave, retirement ages, health and safety standards, the minimum wage, paid holidays, workplace pensions, the eight-hour working day, and so much more.

To attack and undermine trade unions is also to attack workers’ rights and the achievements of generations of trade unionists. Fundamentally, every person should have the right to collectively organise and to withdraw their labour. It is through the collective organisation of workers that the working class can derive their political strength and defend their interests.

That is why all anti-trade union laws must be resisted. If such reforms are enacted, people’s right to collectively organise will be diminished. This will make it harder for workers’ interests to be advanced. Instead, workers’ rights will come under sustained attack from the Conservatives, and there will be minimal legal options to resist them. In a democratic society, people must have the right to organise politically to represent their interests. The interest of labour is represented through the labour movement. To restrict union activity is to restrict the right of the working classes to have their political and economic interests represented. Fundamentally, anti-union and anti-strike legislation is undemocratic, and it must be resisted.

Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons

Christmas Train Strikes Could Leave Students Stranded this Festive Season

Grace Cooper on 15 December 2022

Christmas is fast approaching, which means many students will be thinking about their return home for the holidays. But such decisions might not include rail travel, as The National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers (RMT) have announced 4 weeks’ worth of industrial action. 

Over 40,000 members across Network and 14 Train Operating Companies will be striking from the 13th to the 17th of December as well as from the 3rd to the 7th of January in a series of 48-hour strikes.  Many university terms will be drawing to a close around these December dates, the University of Leeds being one of them. So, what impact might this have on students heading home for the holidays? 

Many students rely on train services to get them from their hometown to university. And amidst a cost-of-living crisis, the cost of a train journey with a railcard might be a cheaper option for students than travelling by car. Data from RAC reveals that the average price of petrol in 2022 was recorded as 166.66 pence per litre and 175.59 pence per litre for diesel which is a significant increase from the year before. This might make travel by car an unlikely alternative to those facing a journey crisis this Christmas and as such, many students might find rail travel to be one of very limited options. 

Some people have taken to Twitter to complain that they are struggling to get back to their families at Christmas. One person also mentioned that people without cars are train companies’ core customer base, although they did also state that it was “good news for national express” as it might in fact mean that coach travel becomes the next course of action for travellers this festive season. 

Previous train strikes have also seen students asking in Facebook student groups if anybody is driving to certain locations and if they can get a lift, as they have no other means of getting there. These desperate attempts to find a way home might become commonplace as these train strike dates approach and may place students in danger as they accept lifts from people they don’t know. 

Frustration towards the train strikes is evident, but this frustration is the result of a lack of change made in support of train staff. In a statement published to RMT’s website, they maintain that Network Rail neglected to “improve an offer on jobs, pay and conditions for members”. They also said The Rail Delivery Group, which represents train operating companies, did not make their previous promises about working conditions. 

RMT’s general secretary Mick Lynch stated that “this latest round of strikes will show how important our members are to the running of this country and will send a clear message that we want a good deal on job security, pay and conditions for our people”. 

As much as students are likely to support such action, it does leave those far from home facing trouble ahead of Christmas. Coaches are likely to be a favourable substitute for students that need to get home, but if this is the case, then coaches are likely to face significant pressure in volumes of people over the coming weeks if it is the only travel option. 

Students that cannot make alternative travel arrangements are likely to be among those most impacted when these strikes hit, but what can they do to help the situation? Perhaps these strikes might be a call for students to do more to support rail staff, so their voices can be heard. But perhaps it should be more of a call to the government and those with the authority to make a change, so workers are not faced with having to disrupt journeys this Christmas, just so they can be listened to. 

It is a challenging and controversial situation for both strikers and students. It is evident more than ever that more needs to be done to improve working conditions and better support is required for transport staff. As otherwise, it has a considerable impact on many and could leave students stranded at university, and transport workers might continue to be ignored.  

Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons

“C’est le common sense”: Student Protests Take to the Streets of Montreal, Canada

Gabriel Kennedy on 29 March 2022

In Canada, students face many of the same problems as they do in the UK: rising tuition fees, high rents, the threat of climate change, and a growing commodification of education. These problems are recognisable and close to home for many Leeds students, but do students in Canada respond as we do? 

I’ve been studying in Montreal this year and just at a time when our lecturers in the UK have been striking about their pay and conditions, I was surprised to learn that my lectures were cancelled for a week, because students across many universities in the province of Quebec had declared their own strike. It’s estimated that 80,000 students have been on strike across Quebec, and thousands took to the streets of Montreal this week, in protest against tuition fees that have skyrocketed in the past few years. 

This week, ten years after the height of the months-long ‘Maple Spring’ student protests of 2012, students held a protest for free education on the 22nd of March at the Place du Canada in Montreal. I went along to find out more – to see what Canada’s students think about the problems they’re facing, and what we can learn for our own student politics. The students I spoke to had varied opinions on the protest and what it could achieve, but all of them were unified in coming out to fight for change.

The goal of the protest was to fight for free tuition, and this was a critical issue for the students I spoke to was the cost of living. Many of them said that the repayment of student loans after graduation really threatened their future livelihoods and ability to feel secure in their degrees. Several protesters discussed the burden of having to begin life with an enormous loan to pay off.

These concerns were especially worrying for those who were studying Arts and Humanities subjects. In a move which has echoes of the UK government’s latest attacks on so-called ‘Mickey Mouse degrees’, the provincial governments, which are responsible for education in Canada, were said to underfund Arts and Humanities degrees – while simultaneously charging what were seen as extortionate rates for tuition. One student commented that “Being in literature, it’s not necessarily what’s most valued. It’s kind of seen as something that people do for fun, but it’s not really important. So that makes me wonder about my future – you know, is it viable economically?” 

Another familiar theme for us in England was the difficulty of managing work alongside studies, when money is tight and rents are high. Several students talked about how hard it is, commenting that your quality of life and your studies both severely suffer. I spoke to one student who was working a full-time job alongside their studies in order to be able to afford their rent. They said that “in many ways, my studies suffer because of that, because I can’t spend as much time concentrating on the things that I really do want to concentrate on: making good papers, or actually learning about the world around me.” The high costs of being a student in Canada means that for many, the work that it takes to pay for the privilege of being a student counteracts many of the benefits that you might hope to gain from being one. Another student, who argued that universal free education was a human right and had struggled with their own financial security, described it as: “the right not only to survive as a student, but to have the right to live – not just to eat ramen because we’re too poor”.

Across the board, protestors out in the street saw the cost of university fees as a massive obstacle to equality of opportunity. Many said it was their primary reason for protesting that day. They saw that the high price of education stopped many people from accessing it, creating an enormous loss of potential, and fuelling growing crises in our health and social care systems due to lack of doctors, nurses and social workers. If education is understood as an unequivocal right, then high fees deny that to people and threaten our way to societal improvement. Indeed, one protester strongly stated that “education is the only universal solution to all individual problems.”

The insecurities that had prompted these students to take to the are fundamentally the same in the UK and in Canada. Our governments make similar claims and policies, and we face many of the same problems. Fees in Canada vary, but according to Statistics Canada, the average for a home student is $6693 Canadian dollars – just over £4000. It might seem like a bargain to us, but it’s risen nearly 2% in just the last year, and with higher interest rates and tighter repayment requirements, the pressure is on. So what can we do? For me, the scale and organisation of this strike and protest by students really drove home the question of why we don’t organise effective protest against the problems we face as students. Where are our strikes? Where are our thousands in the streets?

The protests and student organisation I’ve witnessed in Canada have highlighted the need for us as students to step up to defend our right to education and challenge the government policies that threaten the security of our future lives. We hear people constantly complaining, “Nine grand for this?”, and sharing horror stories of housing, high rents and terrible landlords. The protests this week in Quebec have shown that the power is in our hands to do something about it. Many of the student protesters I spoke to made reference to the ‘Maple Spring’ of 2012, when students went on strike for six months against a proposed increase in fees. The plans were finally dropped after a quarter of a million came out in protest. It’s no coincidence that ten years later, facing the same problems yet again, Canadian students are calling for a return to what worked.

As our current UK government threatens yet again to undermine funding for our universities, it’s time to stand up for our education in a way that they can’t ignore. Here in Quebec, I have seen the value of taking more concrete action. The problems that Canadian students face are much the same, and maybe the solutions are too. One protestor summed it up, describing how the Canadian student movement had taken inspiration from similar movements across the globe. “Bonjour UK!” he said, “Pour moi c’est le common sense que ça se rend partout.” [For me, it’s common sense that this (protest) goes everywhere].

UCU Strikes continue on campus 

GryphonEditorAdm on 7 December 2021

This story appeared on the front page of The Gryphon on 3rd December 2021.

The University and College Union, one of the largest higher education trade unions in the UK, will continue industrial action for a third day in their fight for better working conditions for higher education staff. The University of Leeds is one of 58 institutions going on strike this week with 75.2 percent of its local UCU branch members voting in favour of taking strike action.

UCU’s dispute with University management is centered around four fights which according to their website are  “falling pay, the gender and ethnic pay gap, precarious employment practices, and unsafe workloads”. 

Speaking to The Gryphon on the picket line outside the Parkinson Building on Wednesday, Vicky Blake, the UCU President, spoke of her reasons for striking. 

“Over the last 12 years, in real terms, a 20% pay cut across all, we have huge inequality in pay as well. I think it shocks people to hear this – the gender pay gap is 15.5%, the pay gap between Black and White staff is 17%, and there’s a disability pay gap of 9%. We have huge levels of casualisation – so where people are on insecure contracts. So over a third of academics are on insecure contracts, and increasing numbers of academic-related professional staff are also on insecure contracts. A lot of people who teach in universities including this one are hourly paid, and often end up on zero-hour contracts as well, which I think surprises people because they don’t associate that model of employment with universities.” 

Pensions are also a key issue in the current strikes which continues the trend from the previous few years of industrial action in higher education. The UCU says that since 2011, university staff’s USS pension has effectively been cut by £240,000 and employers are proposing further cuts – amounting to 35% – to staff’s guaranteed pension.

Also on the Parkinson picket line, Mark Taylor-Batty, Senior Lecturer in Theatre Studies and Deputy Head of School in the School of English, spoke of his despair at the current state of the university pension scheme.

“If you were to go to your parents and say, “would it be okay for you to lose 35% of your salary tomorrow and just live on that?”, they would say: “No, of course not!” But that’s what we’ve been told and what we have to expect after retirement.” He added: “Now the younger members of staff who are just starting out might lose 40-50%. Depending on inflation, they could lose 80%. That’s hundreds of thousands of pounds of our own money that they’re proposing to take away from us.” 

“Why? Because they’ve done an evaluation of the pension in the middle of Covid, so historically one of the worst times that you might look at the stock market to value forward, and they predicted that the value of the pension scheme won’t reach 80 or 90 billion until 2250. And on that basis, we have to have a cut in our pensions because that money is obviously needed to pay pensions in the future. But it’s worth 80 or 90 billion today in reality, not 2250, not in a century’s time. It’s worth that now, and all we’re saying is “can we have an evaluation based on reality?”

After the strikes were announced, UCU General Secretary Jo Grady said: “UCU has repeatedly asked employers to meet with us to try to resolve these disputes. But while we set out pragmatic solutions that could halt widespread disruption to UK campuses, university bosses refuse to revoke unnecessary, swingeing pension cuts or even to negotiate on issues like casualisation and the unbearably high workloads that blight higher education. 

A resolution to this dispute is simple. But if employers remain intent on slashing pensions and exploiting staff who have kept this sector afloat during a pandemic then campuses will face strike action before Christmas, which will escalate into spring with reballots and further industrial action.”

Tim Goodall, Employability Office for the Faculty of Biological Sciences, concurred adding that  “For some students, they see the change in higher education, and they understand that [the strikes] will benefit students in the long term. If we actually had decent workloads, we would have time to properly prepare our teaching and to give really detailed feedback that the students are looking for. I haven’t had time to do that this semester, and I feel awful.”

Throughout the three planned days of industrial action, UCU have invited a range of guests to address the crowds on the picket line including Leeds MPs Richard Burgon and Alex Sobel. Wednesday’s guest speaker John McDonnell, MP for Hayes and Harlington and former Shadow Chancellor, was unequivocal in his support for the striking students and staff.

“I’ve been on a number of UCU picket lines over the last few months. Everyone I talked to now has just basically said enough is enough,” he told the crowd. “They’ve had enough of pay cuts effectively, they’ve had enough of working themselves into the ground at times, and at the same time the insecurity. I was at the picket line at the Royal College of Arts and I was astounded at the number who are on temporary contracts at that college.”

He added: “What’s interesting for me is the scale of support that you’ve got. I’ve been talking to student unions, and students themselves have been supporting you, but in addition to that, I think you’ve got a large amount of support amongst their families in the wider community. They know what you’re up against. They know what you’re trying to do in terms of providing a good quality education to our young people and others and a lot of people have been given a second chance at education as well at a number of our colleges. They know what you’re trying to do and they support you and that’s why this dispute is so important.”

However, UCU has not found solidarity in all corners of campus. In a move that shocked many, Leeds University Union abandoned their traditional stance of neutrality to announce that they would not be supporting the UCU strikes

The LUU Student Executive said in their statement “the challenge we face as student leaders is that we don’t believe this current strike action is in the best interest of students, and our focus has to be what’s in the best interest of our members.”

They go on to describe the “added stress, lost learning and delayed teaching” that they claim the strikes will cause and further highlight that “those most affected by the strikes will be our marginalised students, specifically our disabled, international and working-class students.”

LUU’s stance was unpopular with many students and staff alike. Sharifah Rahman from the campaign group Leeds Student Staff Solidarity told The Gryphon: “We feel they made the wrong statement and that, in fact, our union as a student union should represent us and should stand shoulder to shoulder in solidarity with the UCU.”

Rahman added that “LUU doesn’t work as a trade union; it works as a bureaucratic kind of organ and as a business and that’s what we don’t want. We want a democratically run student union that represents us. We will continue to put pressure in favour of the UCU. We recognise at the LSSS that the best interests of students are the same as the best interests of staff. It’s the same fight.”

The National Union of Students and the majority of other campus student unions have supported the strike. A poll of students conducted by the NUS this month found that 73% backed UCU’s action while 9% opposed it.

Upon request for comment, a spokesperson from the University of Leeds told The Gryphon: “Our priorities are to protect the interests of students, including minimising any disruption to them; retain the cohesion of our community; and protect the standards of Leeds degrees.”

“The future of the USS pension scheme (Universities Superannuation Scheme) can only be resolved at a national level. It cannot be solved by this or any other university alone, and we hope that all parties remain open to talking, despite the outcome of the ballot.”

“Many of the other issues in dispute are within our gift to address, and we are already taking action to address UCU’s concerns about workload and casualisation.”